Прививки детям: за и против

Все родители без исключения с первого дня жизни своего чада задаются вопросом: делать или нет прививки своим детям. Одни решаются на вакцинацию без колебаний и строго следуют календарю иммунизации, другие же напротив, долго взвешивают все возможные «за» и «против», пытаясь принять взвешенное и верное решение и собирая информацию о вреде и пользе вакцинации с первых недель жизни своего ребенка. 

Давайте попробуем разобраться в этом непростом вопросе вместе.

Как происходит вакцинация?

Начинается вакцинация в первые 12 часов жизни ребенка – прививка против вирусного гепатита В. Вторая прививка предстоит на 3-7 день жизни, и это вакцина против туберкулеза.  Если ребенок родился с небольшим весом и значительно ослаблен, то у малыша может развиться тяжелая форма желтухи со всеми вытекающими обстоятельствами. 

В первые месяцы жизни ребенка мама начинает задумываться, как здравомыслящий человек, об опасностях, которые подстерегают любого малыша, который активно познает мир, дома и вне его стен: ушибы, ссадины, укусы насекомых и животных, контакты в другими людьми. Конечно, надо начинать делать прививки. При этом необходимо тщательно изучить множество литературы.

Читайте также:

  • От чего прививка АКДС? Что делать после вакцинации, и какими могут быть последствия?

Подготовка ребенка к прививкам

Советуем вам отдать предпочтение рекомендациям доктора Комаровского. Они заключаются в том, чтобы перед любой прививкой обязательно сделать малышу анализ крови и мочи. Если анализы в норме, то за день-два до прививки в разумных пределах ограничить ребенка в пище или сделать ее более легко усваиваемой. Объясняется это тем, что после введения вакцины, кишечник малыша подвергается огромным нагрузкам. Также, если ребенок является аллергиком, за 2 дня до и 2 дня после прививки даем антигистаминный препарат. Не выбираем Супрастин или Тавегил, они сушат слизистые оболочки, что будет играть не в нашу пользу в случае повышения температуры. Отдаем предпочтение таким препаратам как Зиртек или Фенистил. В эти же 2 дня даем ребенку глюконат кальция, т.к. дефицит кальция в организме увеличивает риск аллергических реакций. Обязательно получаем разрешение на прививку у невролога.

При наличии у малыша каких-либо родовых травм, неврологических отклонений, прививка противопоказана. Утром перед вакцинацией немного кормим ребенка, не кутаем. После прививки внимательно наблюдаем за малышом, следим за температурой и общим состоянием. Если видим что-либо подозрительное, незамедлительно вызываем скорую помощь. И самое главное правило, которое нужно усвоить для себя. Перед прививкой ВСЁ ДОЛЖНО БЫТЬ, КАК ВСЕГДА! Ест, как обычно, спит, как обычно, бодрствует, как обычно. Если мама видит как-либо изменения в состоянии ребенка, не стоит списывать это на ветреную погоду или прорезающиеся зубы. Это повод перенести вакцинацию.

Как делать прививки детям?

Все прививки лучше делать по принципу: от легко переносимых к тяжело переносимым. Начинаем с вакцины от полиомиелита, затем проба Манту, вакцина против кори, паротита, краснухи и уж только потом АКДС. Четко следуйте золотому правилу: ребенок должен быть абсолютно здоров на момент прививки.

Распространяющиеся разговоры об эпидемии кори зимой этого года убеждают в правильности подхода: прививки необходимы, иначе это может привести к тому, что мы вернемся во времена чумы, холеры и других не менее страшных болезней. Но делать это нужно не бездумно, а по четко составленному алгоритму:

  • Во-первых, анализы.
  • Во-вторых, абсолютное здоровье малыша на момент прививки.
  • В-третьих, профилактика аллергических реакций, даем антигистаминные препараты и препараты кальция. Заручаемся поддержкой невролога.

Читайте также: 

  • Прививка манту: противопоказания
  • Делать ли прививку от гриппа?
  • Привика БЦЖ — что это такое?
  • Родителям на заметку: что такое прививка Хиберикс?

Дорогие мамы! Прививки делать надо. Но при этом руководствоваться не требованиями врачей и медсестер соблюдать календарь иммунизации, а прежде всего своим материнским сердцем, которое всегда сможет подсказать правильное решение.

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