Введение прикорма: от А до Я
Первый год жизни ребенка – самый важный, это период, когда закладывается здоровье, привычки, характер. Огромную роль при этом играет грамотное введение прикорма. Прикормом считается небольшое количество пищи, которое ежедневно дают малышу начиная с 4-6 месячного возраста.Считается, что детям, которые находятся на грудном вскармливании, несообразно вводить прикорм ранее полугодовалого возраста. Для малышей, находящихся на искусственном вскармливании прикорм начинают чуть раньше – в 4-5 месяцев. Итак, с чего начать, чтобы новая пища была малышу не только в радость, но и на пользу?
Первое введение прикорма
Есть несколько способов определить, готов ли ваш ребенку к введению прикорма. Первое – малыш начинает живо интересоваться пищей взрослых, проявлять к ней всяческий интерес. Кроме того ребенок уже уверенно самостоятельно держит головку и сидит, совершает жевательные движения. Вы можете сами держать ребенка при кормлении, а когда он начнет уверенно сидеть самостоятельно, купить специальный стульчик для кормления, который поможет значительно облегчить процесс.
С чего начинать прикорм?
Относительно того, с чего начать прикорм, есть множество схем ввода прикормов. После шести месяцев грудное молоко или молочная смесь уже не способны обеспечить малыша всеми необходимыми для роста и развития веществами.
В зависимости физического состояния малыша, его веса и роста определим первый прикорм. Это может быть каша или овощное пюре. Если малыш хорошо набирает в весе или опережает сверстников, начинаем с овощного пюре, если наоборот – каша. Для овощного пюре выбираем для начала один компонент, например, кабачок. Он легко усваивается, кроме того богат белками, углеводами, каротином, витаминами группы В, пектином, способствуют укреплению иммунитета. Готовим кабачок в пароварке и измельчаем при помощи блендера до состояния жидкого пюре. Прикорм начинаем с 1/3 чайной ложки, затем докармливаем молоком или смесью. Первый прикорм даем утром и на протяжении всего дня наблюдаем за реакцией. Если всё в порядке, на следующий день даем малышу уже ½ чайной ложки и таким образом постепенно в течение 7-10 дней доводим до возрастной нормы. Для первых овощных прикормов хорошо подойдут такие овощи как кабачок, цветная капуста, брокколи. Для шести месячного ребенка возрастная норма – 150 гр овощного пюре в сутки.
Для первых каш выбираем кашки без глютена, т.к. это вещество детскому организму переваривать еще очень сложно, кроме того, глютен способен вызывать серьезную аллергию. Первые каши – это гречневая, рисовая и кукурузная. В шесть месяцев можно давать до 100 гр каши в день. Первый месяц после каждого кормления новой пищей, докармливаем малыша молоком или адаптированной смесью.
Когда вводить в рацион соки?
- Всё больше источничников говорят о вреде раннего введения соков в рацион ребенка. Раньше соки являлись первым прикормом. Сейчас же всё больше исследований и фактов говорят против этого. У четырех месячного малыша соки способны вызывать аллергию, повышенное газообразование, а также другие проблемы с желудочно-кишечным трактом. Соки не способны доставлять в организм ребенка необходимые витамины и микроэлементы. Поэтом стоит отложить введение фруктовых соков в рацион малыша до 8-9 месяцев. До этого времени стоит заменить его на ненасыщенный компот из сушенных зеленых яблок или детскую воду, которая продается в аптеках.
- По мере того как ребенок подрастает, следует менять консистенцию приготавливаемых пюре и каш, делать их менее жидкими и измельченными. В период прорезывания зубов начинаем радовать малыша детским печеньицем. Оно приятно массирует воспаленные десны и абсолютно безопасно, т.к. При попадании целого кусочка в рот мгновенно растворяется и превращается в кашку.
- К 7-8 месяцам вводим в рацион ребенка мясо. Это исключительно важный этап. Для первого мясного прикорма подходят гипоаллергенные сорта такие как: индейка или кролик. Это мясо используют в диетическом питании. Даем, используя общие принципы: с утра, начиная с 1/3 чайной ложки. Мясо – исключительно важный продукт для малыша, но и достаточно тяжелый. Поэтому не стоит нарушать возрастные нормы. В восемь месяцев ребенку даем до 50 гр мяса, с овощами для лучшего усваивания.
ВНИМАНИЕ! Чувствуете одиночество? Теряете надежду найти любовь? Желаете наладить свою личную жизнь? Вы найдете свою любовь, если будете использовать одну вещь которая помогает Мэрилин Керро, финалистке трех сезонов Битвы Экстрасенсов.
Подробнее…
Основы педприкорма
Педагогический прикорм — довольно новое веяние. Большинству родителей близок педиатрический прикорм, о котором говорилось ранее в статье. Педприкорм заключается в том, что малышу дают продукты с родительского стола, только микродозами. Пища не измельчается, а дается сразу маленькими кусочками. Принято начинать педприкорм не ранее 5,5 месяцев с одного моно-продукта. Через два-три дня ребенку могут дать уже несколько моно-продуктов за раз. Ребенок приступает в трапезе только вместе с родителями, ест с маминой тарелки, специально для малыша не готовят пищу.
У такой системы прикорма много как минусов, так и плюсов. Ребенок быстрее учится жевать, глотать. Однако высок риск развития аллергии и сложно выяснить, на какой продукт она проявилась. Также первое время ребенок будет выталкивать кусочки пищи или закашливаться. Однако, не смотря ни на что, приверженцев такой системы прикорма с каждым годом становится всё больше.
Независимо от выбранной системы прикорма, необходимо соблюдать общие правила. Ведем дневник питания, хотя бы первый месяц. Записываем ежедневно все продукт, которыми кормим малыша, следим за реакцией. Так будет намного проще выявить проблемные продукты. Докармливаем грудным молоком или адаптированной молочной смесью. Не стоит кормить ребенка любой ценой. Он должен проявлять интерес к содержимому тарелки.
О введении прикорма при искусственном вскармливании читайте в статье Введение прикорма при искусственном вскармливании.
От того, как мама преподнесет ребенку первый прикорм, зависят дальнейшие отношения малыша с пищей. Главная цель – здоровый аппетит и интерес к еде.
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